Health
The Road to Restoration: Optimizing Intracranial Atherosclerosis Treatment Strategies
Intracranial atherosclerosis is an unfavorably occurring and serious neurovascular disorder recognized by the building up of atherosclerotic plaques in one’s arteries supplying blood towards the brain. Intracranial atherosclerosis is a medical condition identified by the narrowing and hardening of the arteries within the brain due to the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques.
These plaques consist of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular debris, calcium deposits, and other materials that build-up to the inner wall areas of the arteries giving way to blood to come to the brain. As the plaques accumulate, they progressively reduce blood flow to critical regions of the brain, leading to potentially serious consequences such as ischemic stroke.
Understanding Intracranial Atherosclerosis
Intracranial atherosclerosis occurs when fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances accumulate on the inner walls of the brain’s arteries. Over time, these deposits can harden and narrow the arteries, restricting blood flow to vital brain regions. Reduced blood flow increases the risk of clot formation, potentially leading to ischemic stroke – the most common type of stroke.
Risk Factors
Several risk factors contribute to the development of intracranial atherosclerosis, including:
Age
The risk increases with age, particularly in individuals over 50 years old.
Hypertension
High blood pressure damages blood vessel walls, promoting atherosclerosis.
Hyperlipidemia
Elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
Diabetes
Poorly managed diabetes is associated with vascular damage and increased atherosclerosis risk.
Smoking
Tobacco use accelerates plaque formation and narrows blood vessels.
Obesity
Excess body weight and abdominal fat contribute to atherosclerosis development.
Family history: A family history of atherosclerosis or stroke raises an individual’s risk.
Diagnosis
Early diagnosis of intracranial atherosclerosis is crucial for effective treatment. Physicians may use a combination of imaging techniques and clinical assessments to diagnose the condition:
Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA)
This non-invasive imaging technique uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of blood vessels in the brain.
Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA)
CTA involves injecting a contrast dye into the blood vessels and taking X-ray images to visualize arterial structures.
Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA)
DSA is an invasive procedure in which a contrast dye is injected directly into the arteries to obtain detailed images.
Transcranial Doppler (TCD)
Transcranial Doppler or TCD is a less invasive imaging process that uses ultrasound to measure blood flow in major brain arteries and veins.
Clinical Assessment
Assessment of the patient’s medical records, risk factors and the symptoms are carefully and accurately done to support the diagnosis.
Optimising Intracranial Atherosclerosis Treatment
Some treatment techniques for this neurological condition aim to prevent the stroke from happening, manage risk factors, and improve blood flow to the brain. A tailored approach is important. A lot of consideration for factors such as age, comorbidities, and how severe is the condition. The main treatment plan are consists of:
Lifestyle Modifications
Lifestyle changes form the foundation of intracranial atherosclerosis treatment and may include:
Stop Smoking : Quitting smaoking cigarettes completely lessens the risk of more plaque formation and stroke.
Healthy Diet: Committing into a diet plan that consists of nutritional value from fruits and vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins is the easier step but often the hardest to sustain. Monitoring and controlling the saturated fats and trans-fat that enters the body will result in good management of lipid levels and heart health is also achieved alongside this process.
Medication
Antiplatelet Therapy
Medications like aspirin or clopidogrel are commonly prescribed to inhibit platelet aggregation and prevent clot formation.
Cholesterol-lowering Drugs
Statins are the primary medications used to manage hyperlipidemia and slow the progression of atherosclerosis.
Antihypertensive Agents
Medications that lower blood pressure, like ACE inhibitors or calcium channel blockers, help in controlling hypertension and protect blood vessels from clots.
Antidiabetic medications
For diabetic patients, the use of tight glycemic control with oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin is very important to lessen the damage to the vascular.
Endovascular Procedures
In cases of severe intracranial atherosclerosis with recurrent symptoms despite optimal medical management, endovascular procedures may be considered:
Angioplasty and Stenting
A catheter with a deflated balloon is threaded into the narrowed artery, and then the balloon is inflated to widen the artery. A stent may be placed to maintain the arterial patency.
Mechanical Thrombectomy
In acute stroke situations caused by large artery occlusion, mechanical thrombectomy can be performed to remove the clot and restore blood flow.
Bypass Surgery
In rare cases where medical therapy and endovascular procedures are not suitable, bypass surgery may be considered by CURA Specialists. This involves redirecting blood flow around the narrowed artery using a healthy blood vessel taken from another part of the body.
Final Thoughts
Optimising treatment strategies for intracranial atherosclerosis is essential in preventing debilitating strokes and improving patients’ quality of life. A comprehensive approach involving lifestyle modifications, medication, and potential endovascular or surgical interventions can effectively manage the disease.
Diagnosing it early, critical risk factor management, and ongoing monitoring are very important to achieve favourable results in patients with intracranial atherosclerosis. Always consult with certified healthcare experts to come up with a customised and curated treatment plan based on the patient’s specific situation and medical history.
Health
Report Causes Pfizer Stock to Climb Approximately $1 Billion Acquired by Starboard
(VOR News) – According to a rumor that activist investor Pfizer Starboard Value has taken a holding in the struggling pharmaceutical business that is expected to be worth around one billion dollars, the stock of Pfizer (PFE) is on the increase in premarket trading on Monday.
This comes after the report was made public. The report was made available to the general public following this. Starboard Value was successful in moving forward with the acquisition of the position.
Starboard is said to have approached Ian Read, a former chief executive officer of Pfizer, and Frank D’Amelio, a former chief financial officer, in order to seek assistance with its goals of boosting the performance of the company, according to the Wall Street Journal. Read and D’Amelio are both former Pfizer executives.
The purpose of this is to facilitate the accomplishment of its objectives, which include enhancing the overall performance of the firm.
In their previous jobs, D’Amelio and Read were chief financial officers.
It is stated in the report that the hedge fund is of the opinion that Pfizer, which is currently being managed by Albert Bourla, who succeeded Read as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in 2019, does not demonstrate the same level of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) discipline that Read did. Bourla took over for Read in 2019. Read was succeeded by Bourla in the year 2019.
Pfizer, a multinational pharmaceutical conglomerate, has made substantial investments in the acquisition of more companies that are involved in the research and development of cancer medicines.
These businesses have been acquired for billions of dollars. The biotechnology company Seagen, which was acquired by Pfizer in the previous year for a price of $43 billion, is included in this category. One of the businesses that can be classified as belonging to this category is Seagen.
In spite of the fact that the S&P 500 Index experienced a 21% increase in 2024.
No major trading occurred in Pfizer stock that year.
Due to the fact that the demand for Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccines fell after the firm reached its pandemic peak in 2021, the share price of the corporation has decreased by over fifty percent since that time.
This drop has occurred ever since the company’s shares reached their maximum peak, which was during the time that this decline occurred. Not only have they not changed at all, but they have also remained essentially stable. This is in contrast to the S&P 500, which has gained 21% since the beginning of this year.
Recently, the corporation was forced to take a hit when it decided to recall all of the sickle cell illness medications that it had distributed all over the world.
Fears that the prescription could lead patients to experience severe agony and possibly even death were the impetus for the decision to recall the product. In spite of the fact that Pfizer’s stock is increasing by almost three percent as a result of the news that followed the company’s decision, this is the circumstance that has come about.
SOURCE: IPN
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Health
New Study Reveals Drinking Soda Pop Increases the Risk of Stroke
A recent report from global research indicates that excessive consumption of coffee or soda pop is associated with an increased risk of stroke, although the intake of black and green tea is correlated with a reduced risk. Excessive consumption of soda pop or coffee warrants caution!
Recent research indicates that it may substantially elevate the risk of stroke.
Consuming four cups of coffee daily elevates the risk of stroke, according to studies, although ingesting 3-4 cups of black or green tea daily typically offers protection against stroke. Additionally, consume more coffee; it may reduce your risk of mortality.
Recent findings from global research studies co-led by the University of Galway and McMaster University, alongside an international consortium of stroke researchers, indicate that soda, encompassing both sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened variants such as diet or zero sugar, is associated with a 22 percent heightened risk of stroke. The risk escalated significantly with the consumption of two or more of these beverages daily.
Stroke Risk Fizzy Drinks and Soda Pop
The correlation between fizzy drinks consumption and stroke risk was most pronounced in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and South America. Women exhibit the most elevated risk of stroke from bleeding (intracranial hemorrhage) associated with fruit juice beverages. Consuming over 7 cups of water daily diminishes the likelihood of stroke due to a clot.
Researchers observed that numerous items advertised as fruit juice are derived from concentrates and have added sugars and preservatives, potentially negating the advantages often associated with fresh fruit and instead elevating stroke risk.
Fruit juice beverages were associated with a 37 percent heightened risk of stroke resulting from bleeding (intracranial hemorrhage). Consuming two of these beverages daily increases the risk thrice.
Consuming over four cups of coffee daily elevates the risk of stroke by 37 percent, although lower consumption levels do not correlate with stroke risk. Conversely, tea consumption was associated with an 18-20 percent reduction in stroke risk. Additionally, consuming 3-4 cups daily of black tea, such as Breakfast and Earl Grey varieties, excluding green and herbal teas, was associated with a 29 percent reduced risk of stroke.
Consuming 3-4 cups of green tea daily was associated with a 27 percent reduction in stroke risk. Notably, the addition of milk may diminish or inhibit the advantageous effects of antioxidants present in tea. The lower risk of stroke associated with tea consumption was negated for individuals who added milk.
Disclaimer: This article is intended solely for informational reasons and should not be considered a replacement for professional medical counsel. Consistently consult your physician regarding any inquiries pertaining to a medical problem.
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Health
Following a Diagnosis of Breast Cancer, What Else Should You Know?
(VOR News) – Even though breast cancer affects one in eight American women, receiving a diagnosis can make a woman feel isolated.
Experts in breast cancer from the American College of Physicians (ACS) advise patients on how to manage their disease so that they may better cope with this awful information.
First, the kind and stage of breast cancer dictates the course of your care.
In addition to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, there are various surgical options available for the treatment of breast cancer.
Women of African descent are disproportionately affected by triple-negative breast cancer, an extremely aggressive form of the disease that has never proven easy to treat.
According to the American Cancer Society, pembrolizumab (Keytruda), an immunotherapy, has been shown to be helpful when combined with chemotherapy and is currently the recommended course of treatment for certain combinations of triple-negative breast cancer.
In her presentation, Dr. Katharine Yao said, “It’s really important that the patient and physician discuss the patient’s preferences and values when deciding what type of treatment to pursue and that they have an honest, individualized discussion with their care team.”
She is currently responsible for developing breast cancer treatment recommendations for more than 575 hospitals and institutions nationwide in her role as chair of the American College of Surgeons’ National Accreditation Program for Breast Institutions (NAPBC).
Yao, vice chair of research at Endeavor Health NorthShore Hospitals in New York, pointed out that each decision made about a patient’s treatment plan should take her preferences and diagnosis into consideration.
She ought to think about whether she would prefer a mastectomy—a surgical procedure that involves removing the entire breast with or without reconstruction—or a lumpectomy, which involves a surgical procedure that spares part of the breast tissue.
She stated that “the breast cancer you have may be very different from the breast cancer you hear about in your neighbor, colleague, or friend” in a press release issued by the American Cancer Society (ACS).
“Consider that while discussing breast cancer with others.”
Throughout your journey, it is critical that you look after your emotional health because having breast cancer may have a detrimental impact on your mental health.
“Getting a cancer diagnosis does not mean that everything in your life stops to be normal.” Director of the Fellowship in the Diseases of the Breast program at the Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute at the University of Arkansas and state head of the American Cancer Society Commission on Cancer for Arkansas, Dr. Daniela Ochoa She thinks adding the burden of a cancer diagnosis and treatment to all the other pressures in life may be taxing.
“Managing stress and emotional health is vital component of a treatment plan.”
Ochoa recommends clinically trained psychologists and social workers who have assisted people in coping with cancer to anyone receiving treatment. Learning coping techniques might also be facilitated by joining cancer support groups or cancer wellness initiatives.
Breast cancer specialists say your care team is crucial.
The American Cancer Society (ACS) defines comprehensive care as having support at every stage of the procedure from surgeons, oncologists, patient navigators, nurses, social workers, psychologists, and other specialists.
After receiving a breast cancer diagnosis, women should see a surgeon or medical oncologist to explore their options; nevertheless, treatment shouldn’t be discontinued after just one appointment or after surgery is over.
Additionally, you can ask trustworthy friends or family members to accompany you to appointments and aid you with research or notes. They could serve as a network of support for you.
Yao stated in his talk that “one of the most important things is that patients should search out a team they have confidence in, that they trust will have their back when they need it, and a team they feel they can get access to and that will help them when they are in need.”
SOURCE: MP
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