Health
The Rise in Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) Among Women
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening medical condition that has been a cause for concern among women for several decades. First recognized in the 1970s, TSS gained notoriety for its association with the use of certain types of tampons.
Since then, efforts have been made to raise awareness and implement preventive measures, resulting in a decline in reported cases. However, in recent years, there has been a concerning rise in TSS cases among women, sparking renewed interest in understanding its causes and promoting precautionary measures.
This article delves into the causes of TSS, explores its connection to menstrual products like tampons, and sanitation towels, investigates other potential risk factors, and provides actionable precautions that women can take to reduce their risk of developing this condition.
What is Toxic Shock Syndrome?
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a rare, potentially severe condition caused by the release of toxic substances into the bloodstream by certain bacteria. The condition can progress rapidly and may lead to organ failure and even death if not promptly treated.
Staphylococcus aureus (staph) and Streptococcus pyogenes (strep) are the primary bacteria responsible for TSS.
Early Cases and the Menstrual Connection
The first reported cases of TSS were linked to high-absorbency tampons, specifically those made with synthetic materials, such as polyester and carboxymethylcellulose. These tampons created an ideal environment for bacteria growth when left in the vagina for extended periods, leading to the release of toxins that enter the bloodstream.
The Decline and Resurgence of TSS
Through awareness campaigns, improved product labeling, and changes in tampon composition, the incidence of TSS significantly declined during the 1980s and 1990s. However, recent years have seen a concerning resurgence in TSS cases among women, leading experts to reevaluate risk factors and preventive measures.
Causes of Toxic Shock Syndrome
Menstrual Products and TSS Risk
Menstrual products, especially tampons, have historically been associated with TSS due to their connection with the early cases of the syndrome. While modern tampons have undergone significant improvements in design and materials, the risk of TSS persists.
The risk of TSS increases when tampons are:
- Left in the vagina for extended periods, especially those with higher absorbency.
- Not changed regularly, allowing bacteria to multiply and release toxins.
Other Potential Causes of TSS
Apart from menstrual products, there are other risk factors and scenarios that could lead to TSS:
- Wound Infections: Any skin wound, surgical site, or cut, infected by staph or strep bacteria, can lead to TSS.
- Skin Infections: Skin conditions like burns, abscesses, or cellulitis caused by staph or strep may also increase the risk of TSS.
- Childbirth and Postpartum: In rare cases, TSS can develop after childbirth, possibly due to infection at the site of a surgical incision or episiotomy.
- Use of Barrier Contraceptives: Diaphragms or contraceptive sponges left in the vagina for prolonged periods may also be linked to TSS.
Recognizing TSS Symptoms
Recognizing the symptoms of TSS is crucial for early detection and timely treatment. The symptoms may include:
a) Sudden high fever
b) Low blood pressure
c) Rash resembling a sunburn, particularly on palms and soles
d) Muscle aches
e) Nausea and vomiting
f) Diarrhea
g) Confusion or disorientation
If any of these symptoms are experienced, especially in combination, immediate medical attention should be sought by an expert.
Precautions and Preventive Measures
Proper Use of Menstrual Products
To minimize the risk of TSS associated with menstrual products, women can follow these precautions:
a) Choose tampons with the lowest absorbency suitable for their flow.
b) Avoid using tampons overnight; opt for pads instead.
c) Change tampons at least every 4 to 8 hours.
d) Alternate between tampons and pads during the menstrual cycle.
e) Wash hands thoroughly before and after inserting tampons.
General Hygiene and Wound Care
To reduce the risk of TSS from skin infections or wounds:
a) Clean and disinfect any cuts or wounds promptly.
b) Follow proper wound care protocols to prevent infection.
c) Practice good personal hygiene, including frequent handwashing.
Barrier Contraceptives
For women using barrier contraceptives:
a) Do not leave diaphragms or contraceptive sponges in the vagina for longer than recommended by the manufacturer.
b) Follow the instructions provided by the healthcare provider for correct usage and hygiene.
Postpartum Precautions
After childbirth, women can take the following precautions:
a) Follow the healthcare provider’s instructions regarding wound care and hygiene.
b) Keep incision sites clean and dry to prevent infection.
Conclusion
Toxic Shock Syndrome remains a rare but serious medical condition that requires vigilance and awareness among women. While the use of tampons has historically been associated with TSS, modern menstrual products and improved hygiene practices have helped reduce the incidence.
However, the recent rise in TSS cases underscores the importance of staying informed and adhering to proper usage and hygiene protocols. By understanding the causes, recognizing the symptoms, and taking appropriate precautions, women can better protect themselves from the risks associated with TSS, ensuring their health and well-being during menstruation and beyond.
SEE ALSO: FDA Grants Full Approval To Leqembi, The First Alzheimer’s Drug Shown To Slow Cognitive Decline
Health
Report Causes Pfizer Stock to Climb Approximately $1 Billion Acquired by Starboard
(VOR News) – According to a rumor that activist investor Pfizer Starboard Value has taken a holding in the struggling pharmaceutical business that is expected to be worth around one billion dollars, the stock of Pfizer (PFE) is on the increase in premarket trading on Monday.
This comes after the report was made public. The report was made available to the general public following this. Starboard Value was successful in moving forward with the acquisition of the position.
Starboard is said to have approached Ian Read, a former chief executive officer of Pfizer, and Frank D’Amelio, a former chief financial officer, in order to seek assistance with its goals of boosting the performance of the company, according to the Wall Street Journal. Read and D’Amelio are both former Pfizer executives.
The purpose of this is to facilitate the accomplishment of its objectives, which include enhancing the overall performance of the firm.
In their previous jobs, D’Amelio and Read were chief financial officers.
It is stated in the report that the hedge fund is of the opinion that Pfizer, which is currently being managed by Albert Bourla, who succeeded Read as Chief Executive Officer (CEO) in 2019, does not demonstrate the same level of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) discipline that Read did. Bourla took over for Read in 2019. Read was succeeded by Bourla in the year 2019.
Pfizer, a multinational pharmaceutical conglomerate, has made substantial investments in the acquisition of more companies that are involved in the research and development of cancer medicines.
These businesses have been acquired for billions of dollars. The biotechnology company Seagen, which was acquired by Pfizer in the previous year for a price of $43 billion, is included in this category. One of the businesses that can be classified as belonging to this category is Seagen.
In spite of the fact that the S&P 500 Index experienced a 21% increase in 2024.
No major trading occurred in Pfizer stock that year.
Due to the fact that the demand for Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccines fell after the firm reached its pandemic peak in 2021, the share price of the corporation has decreased by over fifty percent since that time.
This drop has occurred ever since the company’s shares reached their maximum peak, which was during the time that this decline occurred. Not only have they not changed at all, but they have also remained essentially stable. This is in contrast to the S&P 500, which has gained 21% since the beginning of this year.
Recently, the corporation was forced to take a hit when it decided to recall all of the sickle cell illness medications that it had distributed all over the world.
Fears that the prescription could lead patients to experience severe agony and possibly even death were the impetus for the decision to recall the product. In spite of the fact that Pfizer’s stock is increasing by almost three percent as a result of the news that followed the company’s decision, this is the circumstance that has come about.
SOURCE: IPN
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Health
New Study Reveals Drinking Soda Pop Increases the Risk of Stroke
A recent report from global research indicates that excessive consumption of coffee or soda pop is associated with an increased risk of stroke, although the intake of black and green tea is correlated with a reduced risk. Excessive consumption of soda pop or coffee warrants caution!
Recent research indicates that it may substantially elevate the risk of stroke.
Consuming four cups of coffee daily elevates the risk of stroke, according to studies, although ingesting 3-4 cups of black or green tea daily typically offers protection against stroke. Additionally, consume more coffee; it may reduce your risk of mortality.
Recent findings from global research studies co-led by the University of Galway and McMaster University, alongside an international consortium of stroke researchers, indicate that soda, encompassing both sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened variants such as diet or zero sugar, is associated with a 22 percent heightened risk of stroke. The risk escalated significantly with the consumption of two or more of these beverages daily.
Stroke Risk Fizzy Drinks and Soda Pop
The correlation between fizzy drinks consumption and stroke risk was most pronounced in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and South America. Women exhibit the most elevated risk of stroke from bleeding (intracranial hemorrhage) associated with fruit juice beverages. Consuming over 7 cups of water daily diminishes the likelihood of stroke due to a clot.
Researchers observed that numerous items advertised as fruit juice are derived from concentrates and have added sugars and preservatives, potentially negating the advantages often associated with fresh fruit and instead elevating stroke risk.
Fruit juice beverages were associated with a 37 percent heightened risk of stroke resulting from bleeding (intracranial hemorrhage). Consuming two of these beverages daily increases the risk thrice.
Consuming over four cups of coffee daily elevates the risk of stroke by 37 percent, although lower consumption levels do not correlate with stroke risk. Conversely, tea consumption was associated with an 18-20 percent reduction in stroke risk. Additionally, consuming 3-4 cups daily of black tea, such as Breakfast and Earl Grey varieties, excluding green and herbal teas, was associated with a 29 percent reduced risk of stroke.
Consuming 3-4 cups of green tea daily was associated with a 27 percent reduction in stroke risk. Notably, the addition of milk may diminish or inhibit the advantageous effects of antioxidants present in tea. The lower risk of stroke associated with tea consumption was negated for individuals who added milk.
Disclaimer: This article is intended solely for informational reasons and should not be considered a replacement for professional medical counsel. Consistently consult your physician regarding any inquiries pertaining to a medical problem.
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Health
Following a Diagnosis of Breast Cancer, What Else Should You Know?
(VOR News) – Even though breast cancer affects one in eight American women, receiving a diagnosis can make a woman feel isolated.
Experts in breast cancer from the American College of Physicians (ACS) advise patients on how to manage their disease so that they may better cope with this awful information.
First, the kind and stage of breast cancer dictates the course of your care.
In addition to immunotherapy and chemotherapy, there are various surgical options available for the treatment of breast cancer.
Women of African descent are disproportionately affected by triple-negative breast cancer, an extremely aggressive form of the disease that has never proven easy to treat.
According to the American Cancer Society, pembrolizumab (Keytruda), an immunotherapy, has been shown to be helpful when combined with chemotherapy and is currently the recommended course of treatment for certain combinations of triple-negative breast cancer.
In her presentation, Dr. Katharine Yao said, “It’s really important that the patient and physician discuss the patient’s preferences and values when deciding what type of treatment to pursue and that they have an honest, individualized discussion with their care team.”
She is currently responsible for developing breast cancer treatment recommendations for more than 575 hospitals and institutions nationwide in her role as chair of the American College of Surgeons’ National Accreditation Program for Breast Institutions (NAPBC).
Yao, vice chair of research at Endeavor Health NorthShore Hospitals in New York, pointed out that each decision made about a patient’s treatment plan should take her preferences and diagnosis into consideration.
She ought to think about whether she would prefer a mastectomy—a surgical procedure that involves removing the entire breast with or without reconstruction—or a lumpectomy, which involves a surgical procedure that spares part of the breast tissue.
She stated that “the breast cancer you have may be very different from the breast cancer you hear about in your neighbor, colleague, or friend” in a press release issued by the American Cancer Society (ACS).
“Consider that while discussing breast cancer with others.”
Throughout your journey, it is critical that you look after your emotional health because having breast cancer may have a detrimental impact on your mental health.
“Getting a cancer diagnosis does not mean that everything in your life stops to be normal.” Director of the Fellowship in the Diseases of the Breast program at the Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute at the University of Arkansas and state head of the American Cancer Society Commission on Cancer for Arkansas, Dr. Daniela Ochoa She thinks adding the burden of a cancer diagnosis and treatment to all the other pressures in life may be taxing.
“Managing stress and emotional health is vital component of a treatment plan.”
Ochoa recommends clinically trained psychologists and social workers who have assisted people in coping with cancer to anyone receiving treatment. Learning coping techniques might also be facilitated by joining cancer support groups or cancer wellness initiatives.
Breast cancer specialists say your care team is crucial.
The American Cancer Society (ACS) defines comprehensive care as having support at every stage of the procedure from surgeons, oncologists, patient navigators, nurses, social workers, psychologists, and other specialists.
After receiving a breast cancer diagnosis, women should see a surgeon or medical oncologist to explore their options; nevertheless, treatment shouldn’t be discontinued after just one appointment or after surgery is over.
Additionally, you can ask trustworthy friends or family members to accompany you to appointments and aid you with research or notes. They could serve as a network of support for you.
Yao stated in his talk that “one of the most important things is that patients should search out a team they have confidence in, that they trust will have their back when they need it, and a team they feel they can get access to and that will help them when they are in need.”
SOURCE: MP
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